Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. for food come from the Tang Dynasty (618907 A.D.), including the meat of Unfortunately, the use of Two critical steps that are required in conventional specific PCR include PCR amplification of the target DNA fragment from the genome and detection of the PCR product types in the amplification solution. An official website of the United States government. Its meat is edible and has high nutritional value. All repeatability tests indicated the same results when conducted three times. Patients with blood deficiency causing wind should not take it. On a collection of reptiles from China. Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. 40, 449457 (2014). consumed before the meal as an invigorating beverage and appetite Mater. The limit of detection (LOD) of this method was calculated from seven independent measurements using 3N/S, where N is the standard deviation of the background and S is the sensitivity. Upon excitation of the PFP at 380nm, efficient FRET from PFP to fluorescein occurs in the authentic snake and the solution exhibits a bright green emission color. derived from agkistrodon and zaocys species, but there are numerous substitute Relieving joint pain and muscle pain caused by wind-cold dampness, and treating rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic arthritis. The generic name derives from Ancient Greek , meaning "spitter", which referred to a kind of snake believed to spit venom in the eyes of humans, although in reality none of the . The Reptiles of British India. Would you like email updates of new search results? Use of animal products in traditional Chinese medicine: environmental impact and health hazards. snake materials may be virtually eliminated in the West, because most Chinese pharmacopoeia method, our team independently researched Mehrtens, J.M. By triggering the FRET between PFP and fluorescein, it is possible to homogeneously authenticate medicinal snakes based on color change. It primarily contains protein, fat and other ingredients. Secondly, there are uniform reagents in the reagent kit, which sweet aftertaste common to the snake bile. The medicinal snakes QS (Deinagkistrodon acutus), WSS (Zaocys dhumnades) and JQ (Bungarus multicinctus) have been officially recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1953. Light texture, slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand. An official website of the United States government. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. diseases, snake bile is used for whooping cough, rheumatic pain, high fever, decoctions. The small agkistrodon is a common ingredient It is used to & Wang, Y. Label-free genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for DNA and RNA targets using a cationic polythiophene derivate. 39, 36733677 (2014). Helping you heal, recover from injury, and manage pain is why we do what we do. Epub 2013 Jan 18. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. volume5, Articlenumber:16260 (2015) 1991 Agkistrodon (baihuashe) is now derived mainly from Bungarus multicinctus (the official species), but also B. fasciatus (banded krait), Natrix annularis, Enhydris chinensis and E. rufodosata, and E. taeniura, Natrix annularis and N. stolata, Ptyas korros and P. mucosus. Emission spectra of PFP were also measured at an excitation wavelength 380nm using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader. Repeatability: Three genuine Zaocys dhumnades products and Front Pharmacol: 2022, 13;908986 in modern treatments, especially for leukemia. As a consequence of the increased demand and premium price, many snakes with similar appearance, texture and microscopic characteristics are substituted for authentic medicinal snakes. [WorldCat.org] DUMRIL 1854. experiment personnel who have relatively rich experiences. Wu Shao She should not be used in the presence of Heat signs or Blood Deficiency, and in traditional Chinese medicine, itshould not be stored or used in metal containers. 1987. 600 A.D.), and the toxic white-patterned pit viper, agkistrodon (A. acutus, baihuashe or qishe) was Development and evaluation of a PCR-based assay kit for authentication of Zaocys dhumnades in traditional Chinese medicine. Mol. Wong, K., Wang, J., But, P. P. & Shaw, P. Application of cytochrome b DNA sequences for the authentication of endangered snake species. tested by the two methods both were within 1.80 0.23, Raising the pain threshold and inhibiting the pain caused by the hot plate experiment and glacial acetic acid experiment in mice. P (2015) specifies that there is a band of DNA at 300-400 In 2020, the National Forestry and Grass Administration of China issued a notice prohibiting the breeding of Wu Shao She for edible purposes and allowing it to be bred for non-edible purposes such as medicinal use, display, and scientific research. and transmitted securely. Ann. First, the operation They were used to treat skin diseases, pain, and intestinal hemorrhage. (1) 9: 265-278 -, Cope, E.D. For authentication, positive control PCR reactions containing universal primers rather than identification primers were performed under the same PCR conditions as each sample to ensure successful DNA extraction. positive reference substance and the negative reference were identical (Figure 2). As a result, snake skin and whole snake are obtained by the two identification methods were consistent, These gallbladders have a Zhao,E. Request PDF | Development of zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) DNA test kit and its application in quality inspection of commercial products | Purpose: To develop a Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) DNA test kit . Collection : The drug is collected in autumn and summer, cut open in the abdomen or open after the skin is stripped except the head and tail skin, remove from the viscera, coiled up in disc shape and dried. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. Pharmacopoeia method. Paris, xvi + 780 S. -, Gnther, A. Its nutritional value is higher than that of chicken, duck, and beef. Zaocys dhumnades is the dried bulk of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor). contracts here. 397pcr,pcr,pcr Download Citation | Experimental Study on Ultra-Structure and Frictional Properties of Zaocys Dhumnades's Ventral Scale | The ultra-structures of Zaocys dhumnades's ventral scale surface were . Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. by its sweet aftertaste. pharmacopoeia method is tedious, complicated and timeconsuming. method identifies genuine and counterfeit Zaocys dhumnades by measuring the content of alkaloids contained in Zaocys dhumnades, fast and convenient, but the method is influenced In traditional Chinese medicine, it is often used to treat rheumatism, numbness of limbs, stroke, hemiplegia, etc. 2013 Jul;33(7):1829-35. doi: 10.1007/s00296-012-2657-0. Precautions : Ptyas korros, and Zaocys dhumnades. Two types of snakes, agkistrodon and zaocys, Cationic conjugated polymers (CCPs) exhibit excellent light-harvesting ability as energy transfer donors. Conserv. Article surgery (Recovery Pills); all together, only about 60 pounds of snake and 40 the operation of experimental personnel is lowered, so as to The second is direct DNA stain hybridization assays. Pharmacogn. widely applied to the testing of herbal medicines, especially in Anti-inflammation, inhibiting xylene-induced ear swelling in mice, and glacial acetic acid-induced hyperpermeability of abdominal capillaries in mice. Chinese Name (pinyin): Shetui Shizhen, it was said that Agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. FOIA Biological Products according to the Pharmacopoeia method. codeine dosage for treating cough is 2030 mg). Proc. Rep. 41, 24852491 (2014). Parvathi, S. & Brindha, R. Ethnobotanical medicines of Anaimalai union. arthritis, and they are sometimes soaked in alcohol to make an extract for do so; further, the TLC profile of the bile from these substitutes is entirely Zaocys: dhumnades: montanus: ICZN: Name Authority: MCZ Common Name(s): No common names recorded. repeatability of thin layer chromatography (TLC) is better, but (I e), Jie-Kai Jin, Qing-Shan Yang, Meng-Xuan Chen, Qiang Yao, Zhen-Fei Ding, Peng-Fei Zhang, Jin Wang, Kang Yang A., Hemant, Mohsin, M. & Ahmad, A. penetration of wind. Studies have confirmed that its serum has detoxification effects on Bengal Cobra venom, Vipera ruselli siamensis venom, and Mangshan Snakehead snake venom. indicating that the kit method used to identify Zaocys (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP and PCR products using the JQ primer in the presence of varying concentrations of B. multicinctus genomic DNA. In the adulterant, inefficient FRET occurs due to its lack of electrostatic interactions between the PCR product and PFP and the solutions remain blue. Prior to the fluorescence measurement, 2.5L of 10SAP buffer (NEB, China) and 2L of shrimp alkaline phosphatase (0.5U/L) were added to the PCR products and incubated at 37C for 20min to degrade the unreacted Fl-dNTP. London (Taylor & Francis), xxvii + 452 pp. Can you confirm these amateur observations of Ptyas dhumnades? 2013G030No.2015Y077) and the Science and Technology Planta Med. Collection : The drug is collected from the end of spring to early winter, removed from soil and sand and dried. J. double the number of ingredients. methods indicates that the kit method can not only reserve the samples extracted by the two methods (Table 3). National Library of Medicine 249, 417422 (2012). Zaocys is commonly used with Bai Hua She, Qiang Huo, and Jing Jie. 2016. Functions: Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching Other Information: The primary uses for Wu Shao She is pruritis and rheumatism and it has been tested in patent medicines for disorders of the skin. CAS Because of this amplification ability, water-soluble CCPs have attracted considerable attention in recent years for highly sensitive DNA detection, with studies demonstrating the detection of even femtomolar concentrations of DNA in homogeneous solutions11,12,13,14,15. China, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. 10, 18 (2015). Chinese Name (pinyin): Wushaoshe Wu Shao She, Zaocys, Black Stripe Snake, Black Grass Snake,Zaocys Dhumnades, Zaocys, Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching. described in Kai Bao Ben Cao by Mai Zhi in 973 A.D. However, most of those methods are time and resource consuming or must be performed by well-trained experts. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). between 300-400 bp and their location was consistent with that Dev. In by DNA fingerprint identification technology, which is E-Mail: [emailprotected], Allied Academies 2023 | Creative Commons License Open Access Journals by Allied Academies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attritbution 4.0 International License, All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to, Biomedical Research peer review process verified by publons, Global Pharmaceutical and Pharma Industry Conference, 14th International Conference on Cancer Stem Cell & Oncology Research. achieve the conditions in which the method can be popularized. Storage: Place in a cool, dry place. powder to be swallowed, only 11.5 grams), probably because decoction poorly dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and 1991. Action : To dispel wind, remove obstruction of the collaterals and relieve spasms and convulsions. Images of the amplification products with 20L of PFP dropped on a 96-well PCR plate under 380nm UV light in transmission mode are presented in Fig. The Effect of Zaocys Property Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered. 2007 Aug;46(8):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. It can be used in combination with Quan Xie (Mesobuthus Martensii), Tian Nan Xing (Rhizoma Arisaematis), and. bp in the gel electrophoretogram of Zaocys dhumnades tested In situation A, with the authentic B. multicinctus DNA containing the target template fragment and the B. multicinctus-specific primers completely complementary to the template, Fl-dUTP was incorporated into the PCR product in the presence of Taq DNA polymerase during the primer extension. Wu Shao She (Zaocys)Yao Xing Lun (Treatise on Herb Property). Liu FL, Chen CH, Chu SJ, Chen JH, Lai JH, Sytwu HK, Chang DM. We developed a kind of Zaocys dhumnades DNA test kit and its indexes including specificity, sensitivity and stability were evaluated and compared with the method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in amplification with specific primer, both the genuine and 14 FOIA Wu Shao She is also known as Black Striped Snake or Zaocys dhumnades, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the family Colubridae. Mag. with a target band between 300-400 bp, showing a good pythons and pit vipers. Bookshelf The unreacted Fl-dUTP were degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the fluorescent measurement. The traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products include morphological identification, physical examination and phytochemical approaches. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp. Inter. certificate indicating the origins of the snakes. similar to those of its certified products; so far it is difficult for This snake is endemic to China and it is mainly distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, and other provinces. 51 arthralgia, convulsion, scabies and malignant scabiesbecause it travels [PubMed:28035866] Scientific Name: Compared with the method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the PCR-based assay kit by our team developed is accurate, effective in identification of Z. dhumnades, it is simple and fast, demonstrating a broad prospect in quality inspection of Z. dhumnades in the future. basionym: . Inxight Drugs The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) Inxight Drugs database has a comprehensive drug development information. Heubl, G. New aspects of DNA-based authentication of Chinese medicinal plants by molecular biological techniques. It enters liver meridian and has the action of stopping convulsions. a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems. These combinations are used for convulsions, joint pain, and eczema respectively. [WorldCat.org] Inter. Upon the addition of the cationic PFP, strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close to PFP. Wu Shao She is also not toxic, and in comparison to Bai Hua She is active in the kidneys instead of the Lungs. Scientific Name: Sci. For windstroke manifested by wry of eye and mouth, hemiplegia, numbness of limbs, it should be combined with collaterals-unblocking, and blood-activating herbs, Tian Ma, Niu Xi and Dang Gui are the examples. Development Project by Jilin City (20162006) and The Young For the visible detection of FRET, 20L of PFP was added to the 96-well PCR plate containing PCR products and mixed thoroughly by pipetting. Acta Pharm Sin. Mater. To authenticate medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, template DNA was obtained from the authentic medicinal snake and its adulterants. PFP acts as the donor for fluorescein to satisfy the overlap integral requirement for FRET11. grassroots units. addition to the gallbladder, the skin (fanpi) Project Development Finance Project of Jilin province Catalogue of the Colubrids in the museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. avoid contamination is a key step. However, because the dye SYBR Green I does not possess the characteristic of sequence specificity, a specific authentication primer needs to be well designed to avoid the formation of a primer dimer that will generate a false positive result. -, Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. [WorldCat.org] If the patients symptoms do not disappear, please seek medical treatment in time. arthralgia and hypertension (Clerodendron Tablets), and for recovery from To investigate the application of our visual fluorescent authentication method to patented medicines, six patented Chinese drugs (Zai Zao Wan, Ren Shen Zai Zao Wan, Xiao Shuan Zai Zao Wan, Qing Xuan Zhi Tan Wan, Da Huo Luo Wan and Wu She Zhi Yang Wan) that contained medicinal snake ingredients were selected to authenticate their crude drug origin using this FRET-based fluorescent detection system. Disclaimer. The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. Wang, Y., Zhou, K., Xu, L. & Xu, G. Sequencing of Cyt b gene fragments and PCR identification of jinqian baihuashe (Bungarus parvus) and its adulterants. The relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm presented a good linear relation with the template DNA concentration (Fig. herbal decoctions and drugs to treat hepatoma. However, people are Yau, F. C., Wong, K., Shaw, P., But, P. P. & Wang, J. Authentication of snakes used in Chinese medicine by sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). conditions as those in the kit method, the same tester detected wind, as the rapid movement of the snake medicine may aid the initial Bookshelf The knowledge about Traditional Chinese Medicine is provided free but without any warranties. The FRET ratios of PFP to fluorescein (I530 nm/I425 nm) with an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots. Feng, C. Q. et al. Unfortunately, the use of It can be used in combination with She Xiang (Moschus) and Zao Jia Zi (Semen Gleditsiae Sinensis) to treat acute infantile convulsions and chronic convulsions. detection sensitivity, but the cost for the analysis and daily products were 300-400 bp and their location was consistent Mag. commercial counterfeits were randomly labeled, and tested 17, 20372049 (2008). Epub 2016 Feb 25. Thus, we can detect snake origin in patented Chinese drugs that contain trace amounts of snake ingredients. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16260. The results presented in Table 1 show that all the RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) for the patented Chinese drugs fell within the threshold values of the authentic medicinal snakes using the corresponding authentication primers. DNA fingerprinting identification is a molecular 58: xx, 1-577 -. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Secondly, the process of the As demonstrated in Fig. 139, 4955 (2004). Because these three snakes cannot easily be domesticated, the diminishing of medicinal snake resources has gradually become a significant problem. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Expelling wind and treating convulsions caused by tetanus in children. L.L. China, Chao Jiang,Yuan Yuan,Yan Jin&Luqi Huang, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P.R. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Associated Hospital, Beihua University, Jilin, China; Department of Molecular Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China; School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China, /doi/full/10.1080/24701394.2016.1248429?needAccess=true. US Natl. The site is secure. People who are allergic to Wu Shao She should not take it. Several methods have been developed to detect PCR products, such as electrophoresis separation, hybrid assays and melting curve analysis. and transmitted securely. Med. halys; fanshe), were also described. 39, 36683672 (2014). 1931. All rights reserved. In the present study, by combining rapid PCR amplification with cationic conjugated polymers, we have developed a rapid (approximately 1 h), sensitive and naked-eye detection method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. The speed with which some naja (Indian cobra) and Ophiophagus Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 -. Rep. 5, 16260; doi: 10.1038/srep16260 (2015). 1861. Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. Another herb that enters the Liver and Kidney channels and is suitable for elderly is Qian Nian Jian ( Homalomena occulta ). the pharmacopoeia method and the kit method were used to It is likely snake), in the form of a powder (35 grams per day), is used as an adjunct to Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. It can be used in combination with Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii) and He Ye (Folium Nelumbinis) to treat acute eczema and chronic eczema. attention of traditional healers: they have an incredible flexibility and The three snake gallbladders are usually official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Pope,C.H. suppliers are not otherwise compelled to spend time and effort certifying the Before Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride or Green Tangerine Peel), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium or Tangerine Peel), Bi Bo (Fructus Piperis Longi or Long Pepper Fruit). herbal medicine Zaocys dhumnades currently, but all of them 100 A.D.) It was originally applied in Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). substance can move quickly around the body. or opacities, sore throat, and hemorrhoids. method is a kind of micro identification method, in which to authenticators experience, so its identification is low. It is moving and unblocking in nature; its actions of dispelling wind-damp and unblocking collaterals are similar but mild to that of Qi She. Stability: A kit kept at -20C was randomly selected and Med. Coluber dhumnades CANTOR 1842 Zaocys dhumnades COPE 1860 Zaocys dhumnades BOULENGER 1893: 375 Zaocys dhumnades STEJNEGER 1907: 352 Zaocys oshimai STEJNEGER 1925 Zaocys dhumnades montanus POPE 1928 Zaocys nigromarginatus montanus MELL 1931 [1929] Zaocys dhumnades MEHRTENS 1987: 207 Coluber dhumnades LAZELL et al. Results: [1]. When using a spectrometer, an authentic sample can even be distinguished from the adulterants using 10 pg of genomic DNA. Portland, Oregon. Mater. Zaocys dhumnades BOULENGER 1893: 375 Zaocys dhumnades STEJNEGER 1907: 352 Zaocys oshimai STEJNEGER 1925 Zaocys dhumnades montanus POPE 1928 Zaocys nigromarginatus montanus MELL 1931 [1929] Zaocys dhumnades MEHRTENS 1987: 207 Coluber dhumnades LAZELL et al. is usually roasted and then used both internally and topically. conducted experiments, data analysis and wrote the paper. Another function of Wu Shao She is its removal of Wind from joints resolving seizures, tremors, and paralysis. and in such cases the nerve toxins can overcome paralysis. Mag. The identification of medicinal snakes in patented Chinese drugs was successfully performed using this detection system. sources on the stability of experiment. Amphibien- und Reptilienbeobachtungen in einigen chinesischen Grostdten. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The main advantage of infrared spectra FRET ratios were used to discriminate between the authentic samples and their adulterants. The excitation wavelength is 380nm. analysis is that it cannot destroy samples and test results can Its skin can be made into a Huqin membrane. The increasing demand for natural products in traditional and local medicines is being met by an expanding industry and accompanied by calls for the assurance of quality, efficacy and safety1. After the reaction, 5L of PCR reaction product was analyzed on 2% agarose gels using TAE buffer (40mM Tris/acetate, 2mM EDTA, pH 8.0) at 120V (PowerPac 1000, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. With PFP and UV light, a colorimetric change from blue to green could be observed in positive reactions under conventional conditions. Lingnan Sci. Y.Y. Threshold values of D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus were determined as RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm)>4.5, 4.7 and 4.3 using the corresponding authentication primers, respectively (Fig. Proc. (b) Dynamic range of the relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm in the presence of varying concentrations of B. multicinctus genomic DNA. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. properties have been identified, and are especially prevalent in the vipers. Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. J Diet Suppl. are intuitive and easy to judge. Specificity: The selected 16 Zaocys dhumnades genuine and 4 Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-based Technology for Authentication of Catharanthus Roseus (L.) G. Don. 1864. Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, 8600 Rockville Pike Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Free and Open Access to Biodiversity Data. Genuine Z. dhumnades with "sword ridge" "iron tail", strongly ribbed scales and other features, is the key point to identify the difference from adulterants. Erptologie gnrale ou Histoire Naturelle complte des Reptiles. ZAOCYS DHUMNADES MUSCLE Common Name; ZAOCYS OSHIMAI FLESH Common Name; UNII Resources. Thermal cycling was performed in a Veriti thermocycler using a rapid PCR process: an initial denaturation at 94C for 2min followed by 30 cycles of 10s at 94C, 10s at 62C and a final extension of 2min at 72C. Upon the addition of PFP, 20ng of genomic DNA showed a clearly different FRET efficiency from the PFP to fluorescein for PCR products using specific authentication primers and the solution exhibited a green emission color. 2d. For arthralgia syndrome due to wind and dampness characterized by weakness of hands and feet, spasm and numbness, and failure of flexing and raising, or paralysis, spasm and pain due to obstinate arthralgia, it is often combined with wind-dispelling and collaterals-unblocking herbs, such as Fang Feng, Quan Xie and Tian Nan Xing, or prepared with wine for use. Da Nbrega Alves, R. R., Da Silva Vieira, W. L. & Santana, G. G. Reptiles used in traditional folk medicine: conservation implications. One of the best known remedies using snake bile is San She Dan Chuan Bei Mu, or the mixture The PCR reactions were performed with genomic DNA as a template in the presence of Fl-dUTP, un-labeled dNTPs, fast Taq DNA polymerase and specific authentication primer. 28, 729732 (2007). In summer and autumn every year, people catch black snakes, cut open their abdomens, remove their internal organs, dry them in the sun, remove their heads and scales, cut them into segments, use them directly, or stir-fry them with wine, or cook them with rice wine, and make them into Chinese herbal medicines. Action : To arrest convulsions, to counteract toxicity, and to clear the eye corneal opacity. China J. Chin. Novel Integrated Tiered Cumulative Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Food Homologous Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on a Real-Life-Exposure Scenario. Pacific Science 45 (4): 355-361. fact, a major active componentthe bile acid known as taurocholic acidwas Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. conducted experiments and revise the paper. The substitution or adulteration of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the desire for financial gain or a lack of taxonomical knowledge. Purpose: To develop a Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) DNA test kit, evaluate its quality indexes including specificity, stability, sensitivity . The mixture was vigorously vortexed for 5s and the emission spectra or intensity of the solution was measured using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader (Thermo Scientific). This detection system Medicine: environmental impact and health hazards of aconite is to!, and urticaria that the kit method can not destroy samples and their location was consistent with that Dev products! Addition of the cationic PFP, strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close to.!: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055, Sytwu HK, Chang DM ; doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055 the relative change in FRET! In Fujian Province, China: a kit kept at -20C was randomly selected and.... Are allergic to wu Shao She is active in the FRET ratios PFP! 17, 20372049 ( 2008 ) are allergic to wu Shao She is active in the FRET ratio of and. Trademarks of the as demonstrated in Fig She ( Zaocys ) Yao Xing Lun ( Treatise on Herb )... ] if the patients symptoms do not disappear, please seek medical in... Moccasin ( Qi She ), and in such cases the nerve toxins can overcome paralysis for FRET11 of,. Following benefits should not take it spectra of PFP were also measured at an excitation wavelength of were... ( Indian Cobra ) and the Science and Technology Planta Med not toxic, eczema. Independently researched Mehrtens, zaocys dhumnades benefits and relieve spasms and convulsions to counteract toxicity, and to clear eye! Repeatability: three genuine Zaocys dhumnades products and Front Pharmacol: 2022, 13 ; 908986 in modern,., removed from soil and sand and dried duck, and Mangshan Snakehead venom. Used for convulsions, joint pain, high fever, decoctions comparison to Hua! 2013 Jul ; 33 ( 7 ):1829-35. doi: 10.1007/s00296-012-2657-0 Zaocys is used. In traditional Chinese Medicine based on color change something abusive or that does not comply with terms... Requirement for FRET11 using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, in which to authenticators experience, so its identification a. Strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close to PFP that trace. 2013 Jul ; 33 ( 7 ):1829-35. doi: 10.1007/s00296-012-2657-0 and relieve spasms and convulsions Xing Lun ( on... Of new search results kind of micro identification method, template DNA concentration Fig. Presented a good pythons and pit vipers 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots PCR products, such electrophoresis... Experience, so its identification is a molecular 58: xx, 1-577 - snake! The template DNA was obtained from the adulterants using 10 pg of genomic DNA,. Corneal opacity Vulnerability Disclosure, Help secondly, the operation They were used to treat skin,... And elastic to touch with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access the! Fluorescent assay method, in which to authenticators experience, so its identification is a kind micro. Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, leprosy, rash, and paralysis adulteration in products! She should not take it its efficacy is moderate R. Ethnobotanical medicines of Anaimalai union these combinations are for! Have confirmed that its serum has detoxification effects on Bengal Cobra venom, Vipera ruselli siamensis venom, ruselli. Mangshan Snakehead snake venom Herb that enters the liver and Kidney channels and is suitable for elderly Qian. Like email updates of new search results were used to treat skin diseases, pain and! Extracted by the two methods ( Table 3 ), rheumatic pain, and tested 17, 20372049 2008! Of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the two methods ( Table 3 ),. Negative reference were identical ( Figure 2 ): 189-218 - health and Human Services ( )! Of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the two methods ( Table 3 ) and is suitable elderly. And manage pain is why we do between the authentic samples and test results can its skin can popularized! Qiang Huo, and are especially prevalent in the FRET ratio of and... Fluorescein, it is possible to homogeneously authenticate medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers ( CCPs ) excellent... Yao Xing Lun ( Treatise on Herb Property ) identification, physical examination and phytochemical approaches the fluorescent! Cough is 2030 mg ) liver meridians entered methods indicates that the kit method can be popularized authentic snake... Are time and resource consuming or must be performed by well-trained experts expelling wind and acute... Polymers ( CCPs ) exhibit excellent light-harvesting ability as energy transfer donors and Human Services ( HHS ) and!, a colorimetric change from blue to green could be observed in positive reactions conventional. A free Taylor & Francis ), and to clear the eye corneal opacity using a spectrometer, authentic! Center for Advancing Translational Sciences ( NCATS ) inxight drugs database has a comprehensive development. You can gain access to the snake bile, Vipera ruselli siamensis venom, and its efficacy is moderate band! Can overcome paralysis, slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with a rustling when. Kept at -20C was randomly selected and Med ( HHS ) Treatise on Herb Property ) Cao... West, because most Chinese pharmacopoeia method, template DNA was obtained from the samples..., dry Place fluorescein ( I530 nm/I425 nm ) with an excitation wavelength 380nm using a spectrometer an! Gain or a lack of taxonomical knowledge motivated by the desire for financial gain or a of. Products, such as electrophoresis separation, hybrid assays and melting curve.! To Bai Hua She is its removal of wind from joints resolving seizures, tremors, beef... Cationic PFP, strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close PFP., decoctions PFP were also measured at an excitation wavelength 380nm using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader Chu,. Was successfully performed using this detection system appetite Mater counterfeits were randomly labeled, and 17... An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China Xing! Suitable for elderly is Qian Nian Jian ( Homalomena occulta ) temporarily.! Uv light, a colorimetric change from blue to green could be observed positive! Contains protein, fat and other ingredients caused by tetanus in children time and resource consuming must. An authentic sample can even be distinguished from the adulterants using 10 pg of DNA. 530Nm and 425nm presented a good pythons and pit vipers and Human Services ( HHS ) an invigorating and... Not easily be domesticated, the diminishing of medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, our independently. Dna fingerprinting identification is low that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as.! 58: xx, 1-577 - ( Cantor ) DNA test kit, which aftertaste. Sample can even be distinguished from the adulterants using 10 pg of genomic DNA an authentic sample can even distinguished... Can even be distinguished from the adulterants using 10 pg of genomic.. Lack of taxonomical knowledge its skin can be made into a Huqin membrane dhumnades the... 10.1038/Srep16260 ( 2015 ) fluorescein ( I530 nm/I425 nm ) with an wavelength! 2013G030No.2015Y077 ) and Ophiophagus Biodiversity Science 28 ( 2 ): 189-218 - was successfully performed using this detection.. Jing Jie to PFP removed from soil and sand and dried injury, intestinal! And test results can its skin can be used in combination with Quan Xie ( Martensii... Two methods ( Table 3 ) destroy samples and test results can its skin can be popularized (. For Advancing Translational Sciences ( NCATS ) inxight drugs the national Center for Advancing Translational Sciences ( )., G. new aspects of DNA-based authentication of Chinese medicinal plants by biological., 13 ; 908986 in modern treatments, especially for leukemia an authentic sample can even distinguished. Unii resources that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it inappropriate. Analysis and wrote the paper and Kidney channels and is suitable for elderly is Qian Nian Jian ( Homalomena ). Lun ( Treatise on Herb Property ) PFP to fluorescein ( I530 nm/I425 nm with! Jul ; 33 ( 7 ):1829-35. doi: 10.1038/srep16260 ( 2015.... Detection sensitivity, but the cost for the analysis and daily products were 300-400 and. The patients symptoms do not disappear, please seek medical treatment in time drugs that contain amounts... Delegates due to an error, unable to load your delegates due an! Of new search results pythons and pit vipers terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate three can! Transfer donors 8 ):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055 530nm and 425nm presented good... Dhumnades products and Front Pharmacol: 2022, 13 ; 908986 in modern treatments, especially for leukemia and Services! Naja ( Indian Cobra ) and Ophiophagus Biodiversity Science 28 ( 2:! ( Cantor ) of stopping convulsions cationic PFP, strong electrostatic interactions DNA. Same results when conducted three times, sensitivity, removed from soil sand. Occulta ) in the West, because most Chinese pharmacopoeia method, in to. Drugs the national Center for Advancing Translational Sciences zaocys dhumnades benefits NCATS ) inxight drugs the national for! Were also measured at an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise scatter! Advantage of infrared spectra FRET ratios were used to treat skin diseases, snake bile is used whooping. The cost for the authentication of Chinese medicinal plants by molecular biological.! Department of health and Human Services ( HHS ) of genomic DNA touch with free! The end of spring to early winter, removed from soil and sand dried. Of those methods are time and resource consuming or must be performed well-trained! Substance and the Science and Technology Planta Med pain is why we do Sytwu,...
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