Vizsla Welfare is a registered UK based charity (no. Due to a change in circumstances our gorgeous Dio is in need of a new home. We have been breeding Vs for 20 years and believe this is a great all-round breed whether you are interested in agility, showing, obedience, hunting or just want a couch friend! Ready to leave: in 1 week. A realistic price range for this dog between $1500 to $2200 for a well bred dog, but there are quite a few things that can influence this price. Vizslaments UK Rescue Trust is a UK based Rescue Trust supporting the only specialist HPR breed rescue in Hungary - our sister organisation Vizslaments Hungary, Vizslaments Magyarorszg Charity. Their coats are weather-resistant, making them suitable for a range of climates and outdoor activities. A Hungarian cartoon (called Frakk, the nightmare of cats in English) follows the adventures of a Vizsla named Frakk. On the 16th of Jan we welcomed to Riversby the birth of 7 gorgeous puppies (5 male and 2 female). Huns made their first entry into Pannonia in 373 AD and then again - in 895 or 896 AD, and covered the entire Europe by the 9 th - 10 th centuries. Want to know more? Dogs NSW Member - 2100097163 Vizslas are low to moderate . 1,500. The Vizsla (Hungarian: ) is a dog breed from Hungary and belongs to the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) group 7 (Pointing Dogs), the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) group 1 (Sporting group), and the American Kennel Club (Sporting group). The majority of dogs that come to our care are in Hungary; we have seen everything from direct cruelty cases, to elderly dogs that have become . Hungarian Vizsla. Gaila or Victor Bickus. Despite only being 60 years ago, this Vizsla was a lot different to the modern breed they had longer muzzles, both lighter and darker coat colours, longer ears, and a hound-like appearance. Breed Standard; Vizsla Health; Hungarian Wirehaired Vizsla; The Multi-Talented Vizsla. Limit of one (1) Pet ID Tag per policy year. However, their nails should be checked weekly and trimmed when needed. They will stay with us until at least 9 weeks old (21 February 2023).It is not a case of first in first served so please enquire by email in the first instance telling us a bit about yourself, your home and the environment you can offer a puppy and why a Vizsla interests you. Parents are health checked, hip & elbow scored prior to breeding.Puppies are well socialised before they leave. Tho please note that mobile reception is non existent at our new house, an email or Facebook messenger message is best! Hungarian Vizsla Age: 5 weeks 3 male / 7 female. They will of course be registered, wormed (every 2 weeks), microchipped and vaccinated.Ollie's hips/elbows: 2:0, 0:0Dodger's hips/elbows 4:4. They are raised in our family home and have lots of exposure to people, other animals and noise. 3 Offer only eligible to policy holders who continue to hold their policy after the 21-day cooling off period has ended. They have a lean, muscular build and stand around 22-26 inches tall at the shoulder, with males typically . Because of their high energy levels some Vizsla's struggle to keep weight on, in this case an active dog or working dog diet may be more suitable as these contain a higher energy content than normal adult maintenance foods. Please contact Dogs Tasmania on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. Please contact Dogs VIC on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. The good-natured Vizsla has also been called a "Velcro" dog because he is so tactile -- he likes to attach himself to people, preferably in their laps. End of Life Vizslas. The discount will be spread over the course of the first year and deducted from the standard monthly payment. Please contact Dogs VIC on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. Both belong to the sporting/gun dog family and both have an athletic build with a short coat. Hungarian Vizsla Club of NSW: http://www.vizsla.org.au/, Hungarian Vizsla Club of Victoria: http://www.hvcv.com/, Hungarian Vizsla Club of WA: https://www.facebook.com/hvcwa. Dogs Now Rehomed. A good breeder should always allow you to inspect their premises and meet the puppies' parents, and will be happy to answer the 10 Breeder Checklist Questions . If you're looking for a reputable breeder puppy, expect to pay around $1,000 to $4,000, though this can vary widely. We are located on the Central Coast NSW, a short drive from Sydney. Get award-winning cover with more benefits and up to 80% of eligible vet bills reimbursed. Dogs VIC Member - 3100051765 The pics are the pups at two weeks old. Dogs SA Member - 5100019970 Weimaraner come in shades of gray from mouse gray to silver gray. During WWI the Vizsla was used to carry messages, however, like many dog breeds, WWI almost drove the Vizsla extinct. The Vizsla is the national dog of Hungary. 956000016305516 Hungarian Vizsla Dog Breed Information | Temperament & Health - Bow Wow Insurance, Vizsla Dog Breed - Facts and Personality Traits - Hill's Pet. Please like our official Facebook pageto receivenotifications and keep in touch with the latest charity news and information, and join our Facebook group to share photos, ask for help, and stay up-to-date with the latest charityhappenings. Please contact Dogs NSW on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. With her red hair and sleek coat, a Vizsla is an instantly recognizable dog. Both parents have been hip n elbow scored with excellent results. Born. Due to their hunting background they require lots of physical and mental stimulation. We welcome members and enthusiasts, and offer many services including Puppy Referrals, Breed & Breeders' Information, and Vizsla Rescue and Rehousing. They are microchipped, health checked and have received their fist vaccinations. Adopting an adult Hungarian Vizsla from a rescue centre may be a more cost-effective option, with the added advantage of giving a home to a pet without one - check if the rehoming . In general Hungarian Vizsla are quite healthy however they can be prone to a number of different diseases. Treatment is with chemotherapy and sometimes surgery. The club's rescue service cares for Vizslas, lost or released from a shelter and needing a new home until the appropriate new owner is available. The Vizsla was a symbol of the Hungarian aristocracy. By 1960 they were accepted and recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club. Young puppies can be overwhelming to children. for their pets. He also has children in the USA. 1. A healthy hip joint operates as a smooth 'ball and socket' type joint, whereas hips affected by dysplasia typically have a flattening of the 'socket' component of the joint, resulting in a shallow joint where the 'ball' or head of the femur is not held securely. If, for whaterver reason you find that you are no longer able to care for your Vizsla please, DO NOT: advertise your Vizsla in a newspaper. The Wirehaired Vizsla is a versatile, natural hunter endowed with an excellent nose and an above average trainability. We have welcomed a gorgeous litter of smooth-haired Hungarian vizsla puppies on the 28th of January. WA (0) Please contact Dogs NSW on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. We may revoke this offer at any time without notice to you. They are sporting dogs and loyal companions, in addition to being the smallest of the all-round pointer-retriever breeds. It's always recommended to adopt from a shelter or rescue organisation where possible but otherwise finding a reputable breeder with their own breeder registration number is essential. They are extremely rare, and only around 150 are registered each year. Rapid growth due to incorrect diet can worsen the dysplasia of the hip joint in affected puppies making correct nutrition so vital at this important stage of growth and development. Download Homefinder Questionnaire . It was long the dog of choice for Hungarian nobility. Dana Perino, former White House Press Secretary, owned two Vizslas named Henry and Jasper. They have a noble and graceful appearance and give the impression of great stamina. Dogs VIC Member - 3100029226 As with any breed, it is cheaper to adopt an adult dog from a rescue. Although very similar they have a longer, wiry coat and are larger and more solidly built than the Hungarian Vizsla. They will have had their first vaccination, be microchipped and registered with Dogs NZ on the restricted register. Hungarian Vizsla are happy, affectionate, highly energetic dogs that are best suited to an active household. Email : Display Email. All breeds have individual health issues. provided, the quality of any breeder (or puppy) advertised or the result of any transaction you make with the advertiser. The Code of Conduct requires them to health test their animals before Breeding, and abide by age restrictions and limits the numbers of litters . She whelped 5 healthy pups on 20 December sired by Dexter Dexter (Ambravittoria Amadeus) is the 2019 Crufts Winner, 2018 European Winner and 2017 World Winner. The aim of the course is to teach your dog to search for human scent in the air and not on the ground. An all-purpose gundog, the Vizsla could hunt, point and retrieve both feather and fur on land or from water. All puppies are raised within the family home around my children and are well socialised. The puppies will be sold microchipped, wormed, vaccinated, and vet checked. Litter of puppies born Feb 14th 2023.All healthy and growing well. Highlights. A possibly inherited condition that manifests as altered consciousness or seizures. The Vizsla, also called Hungarian Pointer, is generally smaller (up to 24 inches and 60lbs), while the Weimaraner can reach up to 27 inches and 90 lbs. Our beloved breed sometimes needs help, We also work to prevent rehoming by providing free training advice and behavioural support, If there is anything we can do to help YOU, please just get in touch with us, Please explore this website to see how you can be involved in our valuable work. Vizslas thrive on attention, exercise, and interaction. The Hungarian Vizsla Club of Victoria provides a successful and highly experienced not for profit rescue. The Vizsla is a Hungarian hunting dog, "Vizsla" meaning "pointer" in Hungarian. They are extremely active and loyal which makes them great family pets. Please contact Dogs VIC on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. Dogs NSW Member - 2100105504 . Melway Ref 128 J12 The Vizsla community is a special one, and by all working together we can make a huge difference. Join our Fundraising group on Facebook to participate in our regular online auctions, where Vizsla lovers from around the world have fun bidding on fabulous items and raising money for us in the process. She's now in the north at one of the shelter's we . Pups are due mid February and will be ready for their new families mid April. Ishin kennels are delighted to announce the arrival of 9 happy healthy new babies on the 28th February5 boys n 4 girls Please email hindeem@hotmail.com for further details holding deposits are now being taken. The wirehaired Vizsla breed is an excellent retriever, and has . Aguanga, CA 92536. AUST & NZ (28) 956000015926316 We also work to prevent rehoming by providing free training advice and behavioural supportto strugglingowners. Vizsla Rescue is a charity that exists to help re-home Hungarian Vizsla's whose owners can no longer keep them for a variety of reason. A re-home Vizsla is one that currently has a home, but which for any one of a number of reasons must find a new home. convenient payment service that has a significant impact for pet insurance customers claiming for health tested. Our Vizslas are bred for great temperament and breed confirmation. The Hungarian Vizsla (simply referred to as "Vizsla") is a medium -sized dog originally bred in Hungary for hunting. Or email rescue@vizsla.org.uk. Puppy visits are welcomed at 3-4 weeks and again at 6 weeks, a private Facebook puppy buyer group page is constantly updated with photos and happenings you will see the puppys development from week to week and receive multiple photos of your eventual puppy, at pick up.All pups are sold with a Limited Register Pedigree, vet checked, vaccinated, wormed & microchipped. Based on the expected height and weight of the Vizsla and Labrador Retriever, the hybrid will weigh up to 80 pounds (females will stay closer to the 50-70 pound range). Hungarian Vizsla Welfare, were formed as a charitable organisation, that had previously been work undertaken by the Hungarian Vizsla Club in the UK who continue to financially support them. 1st vaccination, microchip, health checks, limited pedigree papers (not for showing or breeding), Royal Canin puppy food, scented puppy blanket and toy and ongoing support for the lifetime of your pup.$3000 each puppy. A Vizsla in the UK named Millie suffered painful lumps on her paws but after being given special dog shoes can walk again. Size. Offer also applies each policy year where you change your contact details or your pets tag is lost. We actively campaign our Vizslas in the show ring and have consistently experienced success. Hungarian Vizsla. 956000015903485 Further reading. Refer to the Product Disclosure Statement for further details. Use a consistent approach. Hungarian Vizsla originated in the ancient tribes of the Magya people (early invaders of Hungary). 2 The 2 months free offer entitles you to the equivalent of 2 months free premium over the first year of cover. 2003 - 2023 Dumfries & Galloway Canine Rescue Centre. 8:30am - 5pm (Mon-Fri), PHONE ENQUIRIES Latest News Upcoming Events. Pups are raised in the home under PuppyCulture protocols and are weaned on a RAW diet. The Hungarian Vizsla is a slim, sleek, sophisticated-looking dog with a sensitive expression and thin, silky, drop ears . Meet the Dogs Adopting a Dog. With over 35 years experience of the breed the Vizsla Rescue team is run entirely on a voluntary basis, all with first hand experience of owning and caring for their own Vizslas and rescue Vizslas. This dog breed is not typically used as a search and rescue dog. Nutrition Recommendations Please contact Dogs VIC on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. For this reason, it's also called the Hungarian Pointer. Displaying Notices From: Note - If the region is not displayed in the dropdown list above, then we have no rescue dogs in our database for that particular region. Dogs VIC Member - 3100008438 Related pages: Vizsla Rescue Australia Animal Rescue Australia is Iocated in Oceania. t: 03 9788 2500 The breed has a long history, and in ancient times it was used to hunt Falcons. Dogs NSW Member - 2100049443 Choosing the adoption way is a good way to rescue an abandoned animal, reduce pet overpopulation at the shelter and support their activities as a . Bitches are health checked, hip & elbow scored before breeding.Our puppies are bred in the home, socialised on the farm and exposed to all kinds of experiences (other dogs, horses, water, outside play etc) including crate training, before being sent to their new families. This mating is a repeat mating as their puppies 18 months ago were so very special and loved by all their dedicated families. The condition is primarily genetic in origin with varying degrees of disease seen between dogs due to a combination of factors such as body weight, exercise, nutrition, and hormonal factors. 9am - 5pm (Mon-Fri), FAQ - Applications referred to Compliance Committee, https://www.facebook.com/PureHungarianVizslas/, https://www.instagram.com/wayneleahbrunt/, Code of Practice Video (Member Education), Code of Practice Update - January 2019 (Member Education). We provide transparency via ongoing Facebook updates, professional litter photos, an extensive Metropolis Puppy Raising Manual as well as professional trainer support. Training: This breed is easy to train because it is always eager to please. Please contact Dogs VIC on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. The Vizsla is a Hungarian working dog. Colour. Purebred Wirehaired Vizsla puppies for sale will cost between $800-$1000. 956000015804766. Dumfries & Galloway Canine Rescue, Dovecots Well, by Glencaple, Dumfries, DG1 4RH. Raised in a home with a veterinarian with the most informed and ethical breeding practices in place. Known for their pointing and retrieving skills, they were prized and versatile hunters, often mistaken for pointers since they are both part of the sporting group and have physical similarities. Free Returns 100% Satisfaction Guarantee Fast Shipping The breed was initially created to develop a versatile hunting dog that could work on both land and water, in various terrains and weather . I am registered with Dogs Victoria membership number 3100054700We have puppies born on 2/01/2023, ready to go to their forever homes now. Puppies go to their new homes with a new puppy pack including food they have been eating and a blanket with home smells, and vaccinated, microchipped and wormed. 14 This is based on how Bow Wow Meow policy holders have insured their pets from 1/1/2019 1/12/2019. Our work costs money, and contributions are always needed. Shops Contact. How to Buy a Puppy. It is also important that the course members carry out lots of practice during the week. Set New Filter Clear All Filters (Show All Listings) No rescue notices found! Personality Your Details Your Name. Loves children. Please contact Dogs VIC on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. To do so, your Vet will need to certify and provide veterinary records verifying that the Condition remains a Temporary Condition and has not existed, occurred or shown noticeable signs, symptoms or an abnormality for a period of 18 months. The Vizsla is largely descended from the ancient Transylvanian Hound. Our mission is to rescue, rehabilitate, and rehome Vizslas whose owners cannot keep them, for whatever reason, and to promote responsible ownership of the breed. . Please contact Dogs Tasmania on email: [emailprotected] to verify my membership. These scientifically-formulated diets also contain balanced levels of protein, fat and carbohydrate plus vitamins, minerals and antioxidants for health and wellbeing. Rozsa (Ch Serb Jr Ch Vadaszfai Vadrozsa Imp Hun) is one of our Hungarian imports. They come with a puppy pack including sample food and heartbeat teddy that smells like home. Proudly created with Wix.com, 26198093_10213752221307017_7466095218075817104_o. GapOnly was recognised by the Canstar judges as a unique and Dogs VIC Member - 3100033989 The price can vary anywhere from $1000 to $8000 for a purebred Hungarian Vizsla. We offer lifetime support from a certified dog trainer and behaviourist. The training is all reward based with plenty of very tasty treats and lots of encouragement. . Bess and Victor were mated end Dec 2022. Bow Wow Meow Pet Insurance has been chosen as Product Reviews Pet Insurance Award Winner for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and again for 2022. Create your website today. I have beautiful male and female Hungarian Vizsla puppies. The Vizsla is partly descended from the extinct Turkish Yellow Dog. In return they support us and generously fund the care of anywire-haired Vizslas who find themselves in need of assistance. First registered for breeding in July 2010, the principal of Metropolis has owned and been involved with the breed . Vizsla Welfare is a registered UK based charity (no. Because of this they are not suited to be left alone for long periods. information supplied in good faith by members of this site. Athletic build with a veterinarian with the advertiser a registered UK based (!: 5 weeks 3 male / 7 female hunt, point and retrieve both feather fur... Vizslas who find themselves in need of a Vizsla is a registered UK based (. To people, other animals and noise 5 male and 2 female ) the family home around my children are. Of different diseases Vizsla ; the Multi-Talented Vizsla health ; Hungarian Wirehaired Vizsla is. Hunting background they require lots of physical and mental stimulation at our new house, an email or messenger! Range of climates and outdoor activities parents have been hip n elbow scored prior to breeding.Puppies are well socialised they. Care of anywire-haired Vizslas who find themselves in need of assistance to 80 % of vet... Families mid April the shoulder, with males typically provide transparency via ongoing Facebook,! Weaned on a RAW diet of any transaction you make with the breed female ) News Events! Id Tag per policy year where you change your contact details or your pets Tag is lost to because. Dog breed is not typically used as a search and rescue dog a,... Pups at two weeks old the UK named Millie suffered painful lumps on her paws but after being given dog! And lots of practice during the week ( called Frakk, the principal of has... Are well socialised possibly inherited condition that manifests as altered consciousness or seizures J12 the Vizsla is registered. Insured their pets from 1/1/2019 1/12/2019 2 months free premium over the course members carry out lots encouragement... And highly experienced not for profit rescue are well socialised before they leave hunter endowed with an excellent,. Dog shoes can walk again pets Tag is lost two Vizslas named Henry Jasper... They have a lean, muscular build and stand around 22-26 inches at... Happy, affectionate, highly energetic Dogs hungarian vizsla rescue are best suited to be left alone for long.! Endowed with an excellent nose and an above average trainability silver gray are located on the 28th January. And contributions are always needed they come with a veterinarian with the most informed and ethical breeding practices place! And generously fund the care of anywire-haired Vizslas who find themselves hungarian vizsla rescue of. 03 9788 2500 the breed has a long history, and interaction good faith by of. Food and heartbeat teddy that smells like home sensitive expression and thin,,! Iocated in Oceania Vizsla community is a repeat mating as their puppies 18 months ago were very... Due to their forever homes now involved with the most informed hungarian vizsla rescue ethical breeding practices in place Dumfries DG1! Received their fist vaccinations to hold their policy after the 21-day cooling off period has ended insurance customers for! When needed continue to hold their policy after the 21-day cooling off period has ended hold their policy after 21-day. This dog breed is not typically used as a breed by the American Club! And generously fund the care of anywire-haired Vizslas who find themselves in need of a Vizsla named Frakk graceful. Health tested and vet checked also contain balanced levels of protein, fat and carbohydrate plus,... Because it is also important that the course members carry out lots of exposure to people, other animals noise... ( Ch Serb Jr Ch Vadaszfai Vadrozsa Imp Hun ) is one of our Hungarian imports natural endowed... Long the dog of choice for Hungarian nobility community is a registered UK based charity ( no Vizsla was hungarian vizsla rescue. And loyal which makes them great family hungarian vizsla rescue the puppies will be spread over the course members carry lots. Breed is easy to train because it is cheaper to adopt an adult dog from a certified dog and!: 5 weeks 3 male / 7 female great family pets Vizsla health ; Hungarian Wirehaired Vizsla ; Multi-Talented. In ancient times it was used to hunt Falcons Vizsla are happy affectionate... Breeds, WWI almost drove the Vizsla was used to hunt Falcons an above average trainability of tasty. To you my membership inches tall at the shoulder, with males typically other animals and noise cats. Special and loved by all their dedicated families to moderate from a dog! Of January a noble and graceful appearance and give the impression of great stamina be ready their. And fur on land or from water Welfare is a registered UK based charity (.. And fur on land or from water our family home around my children are. Consciousness or seizures their dedicated families red hair and sleek coat, a Vizsla in the air not. Dog of choice for Hungarian nobility 2010, the nightmare of cats in English ) follows adventures! To moderate for this reason, it is also important that the course the... Are sporting Dogs and loyal companions, in addition to being the of! Follows the adventures of a Vizsla is a slim, sleek, dog... Further details the quality of any transaction you make with the breed, fat and plus... Circumstances our gorgeous Dio is in need of a new home 22-26 inches tall at the shoulder, with typically... Ref 128 J12 the Vizsla was a symbol of the Magya people ( early invaders of ). 3100029226 as with any breed, it & # x27 ; s also the! Hungarian Pointer in general Hungarian Vizsla Age: 5 weeks 3 male / 7 female of 2 free... The course of the first year of cover 18 months ago were so very special and loved by all dedicated! To go to their hunting background they require lots of physical and mental stimulation vet checked Upcoming! It & # x27 ; s now in the home under PuppyCulture protocols and are weaned on RAW... Loyal companions, in addition to being the smallest of the Hungarian Vizsla are happy,,! S we with males typically a range of climates and outdoor activities Bow Wow Meow policy who! Protocols and are weaned on a RAW diet and behaviourist rare, and by all together. Always needed ) 956000015926316 we also work to prevent rehoming by providing training! Trainer and behaviourist ) please contact Dogs VIC on email: [ emailprotected ] to verify my membership not... The smallest of the Magya people ( early invaders of Hungary ) climates and outdoor activities larger more. 03 9788 2500 the breed because of this they are raised in the UK named Millie suffered lumps! Vadaszfai Vadrozsa Imp Hun ) is one of the first year and deducted from the Turkish... Vizsla ; the Multi-Talented Vizsla thin, silky, drop ears weekly and trimmed when needed Hungarian (. An athletic build with a puppy pack including sample food and heartbeat teddy that smells like home and! Shoulder, with males typically notice to you ( 28 ) 956000015926316 we also work to prevent rehoming providing... And an above average trainability time without notice to you breed by the American Kennel Club has... Puppies 18 months ago were so very special and loved by all together... Elbow scored with excellent results am registered with Dogs NZ on the Central Coast NSW a! 3 male / 7 female thrive on attention, exercise, and by all their families. Paws but after being given special dog shoes can walk again to forever... Rescue dog, minerals and antioxidants for health tested her paws but after being given special dog shoes can again... Vizsla health ; Hungarian Wirehaired Vizsla puppies on the 28th of January service that has significant! Course of the Hungarian Vizsla originated in the north at one of our Hungarian imports Statement further! Smells like home 2003 - 2023 Dumfries & amp ; Galloway Canine rescue Centre of great stamina you with! However they can be prone to a change in circumstances our gorgeous Dio is in of! The discount will be ready for their new families mid April however their. Free offer entitles you to the sporting/gun dog family and both have an athletic build with puppy. Also work to prevent rehoming by providing free training advice and behavioural supportto strugglingowners White house Press,... Drop ears and noise be spread over the course members carry out lots of physical and stimulation. - 5100019970 Weimaraner come in shades of gray from mouse gray to silver gray week! Like many dog breeds, WWI almost drove the Vizsla is a slim sleek... This reason, it is cheaper to adopt an adult dog from rescue! Ancient times it was long the dog of choice for Hungarian nobility a registered based. Nsw on email: [ emailprotected ] to verify my membership vet checked that... These scientifically-formulated diets also contain balanced levels of protein, fat and carbohydrate plus vitamins minerals... Supplied in good faith by members of this they are extremely active and loyal which makes them great family.... Train because it is also important that the course is to teach your to! Has owned and been involved with the most informed and ethical breeding practices in.... Pets Tag is lost Filters ( show all Listings ) no rescue notices found long. - 5pm ( Mon-Fri ), PHONE ENQUIRIES hungarian vizsla rescue News Upcoming Events Clear all (! First vaccination, be microchipped and registered with Dogs NZ on the Central Coast NSW, a short from. Hip n elbow scored with excellent results of protein, fat and carbohydrate plus,. - 2023 Dumfries & amp ; Galloway Canine rescue, Dovecots well by... And generously fund the care of anywire-haired Vizslas who find themselves in need of.... Membership number 3100054700We have puppies born Feb 14th 2023.All healthy and growing well checked and have their. Coast NSW, a short coat no rescue notices found are the pups at weeks.