Copyright for NIST Standard Reference Data is governed by DE-AC02-06CH11357. Direct contact with liquid ethane can result in severe frostbite. ChemSpider ID 6084. AddThis use cookies for handling links to social media. Information and translations of c2h6 in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. At the critical point there is no change of state when pressure is increased or if heat is added. J. Chem. This is anoxidation-reduction (redox) reaction. Specific heat and related properties, . In December 2007 the Cassini probe found at least one lake at Titan's south pole, now called Ontario Lacus because of the lake's similar area to Lake Ontario on Earth (approximately 20,000km2). Oxidative chlorination of ethane has long appeared to be a potentially more economical route to vinyl chloride than ethylene chlorination. The combustion of ethane (C2H6)(C2H6) produces carbon dioxide and steam. [all data], Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989 Updates? No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. Cookies are only used in the browser to improve user experience. Hydrocarbon is an organic compound, which contains only carbon and hydrogen.C2H6 Molecular Geometry. Ethane Calibration Gas C2H6 1% Balance Air in a 305 Liter Steel Disposable Cylinder. Ethane is favored for ethylene production because the steam cracking of ethane is fairly selective for ethylene, while the steam cracking of heavier hydrocarbons yields a product mixture poorer in ethylene and richer in heavier alkenes (olefins), such as propene (propylene) and butadiene, and in aromatic hydrocarbons. Let me explain this in detail with the help of C2H6 lewis structure and its 3D geometry. (Boiling point of ethane is -88C / -127F, and thus, ethane is present as liquid below this temperature)The output density is given as kg/m3, lb/ft3, lb/gal(US liq) and sl/ft3. Similarly, the Saudi Arabian firm SABIC has announced construction of a 30,000 t/a plant to produce acetic acid by ethane oxidation at Yanbu. From this, you can easily get the idea that the C2H6 molecule is a nonpolar molecule. Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! J. Phys. [all data], Kistiakowsky G.B., 1939 Chemical, physical and thermal properties of Ethane- C2H6 :(values at 25oC (77oF, 298 K) and atmospheric pressure). ; Vols. Phenomenon after Br2 (bromine) reacts with C2H6 (ethane) This equation does not have any specific information about phenomenon. Some of our calculators and applications let you save application data to your local computer. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The bonded atoms form a mutual bond angle of 109.5. http://www.jmol.org/. Technology, Office of Data The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated What are the chemical and physical characteristic of C2H6 (ethane)? Database and to verify that the data contained therein have Under the effect of heat and catalysts, alkanes with small molecules have hydrogen separated into unsaturated hydrocarbons, Interesting Information Only Few People Knows, If the equation too long, please scroll to the right ==>. Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. So, Molar mass of C2H6 = Molar mass of 2 Carbon (C) atoms + Molar mass of 6 Hydrogen (H) atoms. Phys., 1939, 7, 281-288. At room temperature, ethane is an extremely flammable gas. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. One important route by which the carboncarbon bond in ethane is broken, to yield these single-carbon products, is the decomposition of the ethoxy radical into a methyl radical and formaldehyde, which can in turn undergo further oxidation. PubChem . Or if any of the following reactant substances C2H6 (ethane), disappearing ;, ed(s)., Hemisphere, New York, 1991. Chem., 1933, B20, 184-194. Density, , hasunits typically [kg/m3] or [lb/ft3], and is defined by the ratio of the mass to the volume of a substance: where m = mass, units typically [kg] or [lb] V = volume, units typically [m3] or [ft3]. You can target the Engineering ToolBox by using AdWords Managed Placements. on behalf of the United States of America. 206kg/m3 (at critical point 305.322K). This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. Does ethane dissolve at room temperature water? Molecular Formula CH. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Omissions? These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. $228.00. The economic viability of this process may rely on the low cost of ethane near Saudi oil fields, and it may not be competitive with methanol carbonylation elsewhere in the world. J. Phys. Data, 1982, 11, 83-99. He is a founder of Knords Learning and is passionate about helping students through his easily digestible explanations. They mistook the product of these reactions for the methyl radical (.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}CH3), of which ethane (C2H6) is a dimer. Further analysis of infrared spectroscopic data presented in July 2008[21] provided additional evidence for the presence of liquid ethane in Ontario Lacus. Manage Settings These pairs of electrons present between the Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) atoms form a chemical bond, which bonds the carbon-carbon atom and carbon-hydrogen atoms in a C2H6 molecule. 1, 1972, 68, 2224-2229. Data, 2002, 31, 1, 123-172, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1420703 Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry. Some additional precautions are necessary where ethane is stored as a cryogenic liquid. Hence, the C2H6 molecule is a nonpolar molecule. [all data], Pitzer K.S., 1944 The two carbon atoms are at the center and they are surrounded by hydrogen atoms which are equidistant as well as at equal angles. NaOH. J. Phys. More than 90 percent of the ethane produced in the 1960s was burned as fuel without separation from natural gas. Ref. [all data], Chao J., 1973 Ethane can react with the halogens, especially chlorine and bromine, by free-radical halogenation. National Institute of Standards and The physical origin of the barrier is still not completely settled,[26] although the overlap (exchange) repulsion[27] between the hydrogen atoms on opposing ends of the molecule is perhaps the strongest candidate, with the stabilizing effect of hyperconjugation on the staggered conformation contributing to the phenomenon. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. the Average mass 30.069 Da. Faraday Trans. You can see that the structure of C2H6 is symmetrical. Lecturer at several international online schools, member of the jury of chemistry competitions and author of scientific articles. We don't save this data. Specific weight is given as N/m3 and lbf/ ft3. Temperature: 500 Solvent: catalyze. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. C 2 H 5 COONa. Soc. With a desire to make learning accessible for everyone, he founded Knords Learning, an online chemistry learning platform that provides students with easily understandable explanations. Data, 1973, 2, 427-438. C2H6is areducingagent,O2is anoxidizingagent. Step 1: Given equation . Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. In the laboratory, ethane may be conveniently synthesised by Kolbe electrolysis. In 2006, Dale Cruikshank of NASA/Ames Research Center (a New Horizons co-investigator) and his colleagues announced the spectroscopic discovery of ethane on Pluto's surface.[23]. In this case, you just need to observe to see if product substance HBr (hydrobromic acid), appearing at the end of the reaction. Density of ethane at varying temperature and pressure, SI and Imperial units: The density of liquid ethane is nearly the same for all pressures up to 100 bara and -50 C (-60F), and the density of the liquid at equilibrium pressure can be used for most practical purposes. Let me explain this in detail with the help of C2H6 lewis structure and its 3D geometry. Please read AddThis Privacy for more information. Ethane can displace oxygen and become an asphyxiation hazard. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th edition, Volume 2, Gurvich, L.V. Back to topDensity of ethane at varying temperature and equilibrium pressure, SI and Imperial units: Density and specific weight of ethane at given temperatures and pressures: For full table with Density and Specific Weight - rotate the screen! Cookies are only used in the browser to improve user experience. [all data], Pamidimukkala K.M., 1982 Ethane. Chem. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! As all the bonds are nonpolar and the C2H6 molecule has a symmetrical geometry, there are no positive and negative poles of charges on the overall molecule of C2H6. We don't save this data. 30.07. +. +. Solid ethane exists in several modifications. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows theethane boiling point with changes in pressure. Want to know the reason?Lets dive into it!if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'knordslearning_com-box-4','ezslot_10',149,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-knordslearning_com-box-4-0'); C2H6 (Ethane) is a NONPOLAR molecule because all the individual bonds are nonpolar and C2H6 has symmetrical geometry.In other words, the electronegativity difference of these bonds is very less. Data compilation copyright Cooling this ethane below ca. At higher temperatures, especially in the range 600900C (1,1121,652F), ethylene is a significant product. In this technique, an aqueous solution of an acetate salt is electrolysed. Pittam, D.A. Specific Gravity (air = 1) (1.013 bar and 15 C (59 F)) 1.047. Using the traditional method of balancing chemical equations. ; Alcock, C.B., errors or omissions in the Database. with the development of data collections included in Other names: Bimethyl; Dimethyl; Ethyl hydride; Methylmethane; C2H6; UN 1035; UN 1961 Information on this page: Gas phase thermochemistry data; References; Notes; Other data available: Condensed phase thermochemistry data; Phase change data; Reaction thermochemistry data; Henry's Law data; Gas phase ion energetics data; Ion clustering data; IR . Ethane is a symmetrical . The chemical bonds can be either nonpolar, polar or ionic depending on the difference of the electronegativity values (EN) between the two atoms. Prosen, E.J. Ethane-13C2 | C2H6 | CID 12244984 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature. An important series of reaction in ethane combustion is the combination of an ethyl radical with oxygen, and the subsequent breakup of the resulting peroxide into ethoxy and hydroxyl radicals. Synthesized polymer in the form of a spiral staircase, O2+ CH4 + C3H8 +C2H6+ C4H10 H2O + CO2. Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th ed. Add To Cart. Jay is an educator and has helped more than 100,000 students in their studies by providing simple and easy explanations on different science-related topics. Follow the links below to get values for the listed properties of ethane at varying pressure and temperature: See also more about atmospheric pressure, and STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure, as well as Thermophysical properties of: Acetone, Acetylene, Air, Ammonia, Argon, Benzene, Butane, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Ethanol, Ethylene, Helium, Hydrogen, Hydrogen sulfide, Methane, Methanol, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Pentane, Propane, Toluene, Water and Heavy water, D2O. C2H6, known as ethane, is a saturated open-chain hydrocarbon or we can say that it comes under the alkane family. During the period 18471849, in an effort to vindicate the radical theory of organic chemistry, Hermann Kolbe and Edward Frankland produced ethane by the reductions of propionitrile (ethyl cyanide)[6] and ethyl iodide[7] with potassium metal, and, as did Faraday, by the electrolysis of aqueous acetates. Add To Cart. What are the chemical and physical characteristic of H2 (hydrogen). Today, ethane is an important petrochemical feedstock and is separated from the other components of natural gas in most well-developed gas fields. The complete combustion of ethane releases 1559.7 kJ/mol, or 51.9 kJ/g, of heat, and produces carbon dioxide and water according to the chemical equation: Combustion may also occur without an excess of oxygen, forming a mix of amorphous carbon and carbon monoxide. Under the effect of heat and catalysts, alkanes with small molecules have hydrogen separated into unsaturated hydrocarbons . Related compounds may be formed by replacing a hydrogen atom with another functional group; the ethane moiety is called an ethyl group. Natural gas from different gas fields varies in ethane content from less than 1% to more than 6% by volume. You can see that in C2H6, there are 2 Carbon atoms and 6 Hydrogen atoms. The total number of valence electrons in the ethane (C2H6) Lewis dot structure is 14. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). What are the chemical reactions that have C2H6 (ethane) as prduct? PubChem . ethane, a colourless, odourless, gaseous hydrocarbon (compound of hydrogen and carbon), belonging to the paraffin series; its chemical formula is C2H6. [8] Ethane was discovered dissolved in Pennsylvanian light crude oil by Edmund Ronalds in 1864.[9][10]. For the emergency service protocol, see, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. Follow the links above to find out more about the data We don't collect information from our users. I. Single-crystal X-ray structure determinations of two modifications of ethane", "Long-term decline of global atmospheric ethane concentrations and implications for methane", "Fugitive emissions from the Bakken shale illustrate role of shale production in global ethane shift", "One oil field a key culprit in global ethane gas increase", "NASA Confirms Liquid Lake on Saturn Moon", 10.1002/1521-3773(20021004)41:19<3579::AID-ANIE3579>3.0.CO;2-S, "Ueber die Aufhebung der freien Drehbarkeit von einfach verbundenen Kohlenstoffatomen", "Theoretische Ergebnisse der Studien in der Bernsteinsuregruppe", "Die dynamische Hypothese in ihrer Anwendung auf die Bernsteinsuregruppe", "Die Anwendung der dynamischen Hypothese auf Ketonsurederivate", Market-Driven Evolution of Gas Processing Technologies for NGLs, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethane&oldid=1128937608, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 305.32K (32.17C; 89.91F) 48.714 bars (4,871.4kPa), This page was last edited on 22 December 2022, at 19:51. It is not a carcinogen.[35]. What are the chemical and physical characteristic of C2H4 (ethylene)? Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. ; Veyts, I.V. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. and Saltzman, E.S. The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc. = (12.011) 2 + (1.008) 6. an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. Have a look at this 3D structure of C2H6. Online Ethane Density Calculator. Ref. Ethane Calibration Gas C2H6 1% Balance Air in a 34 Liter Aluminum Cylinder. Ethane gas can be liquefied under pressure or at reduced temperatures and thus be separated from natural gas. These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. [17], Although ethane is a greenhouse gas, it is much less abundant than methane, has a lifetime of only a few months compared to over a decade,[18] and is also less efficient at absorbing radiation relative to mass. Ethane can be used as a refrigerant in cryogenic refrigeration systems. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining. words you need to know. Continue with Recommended Cookies, And how can you say that C2H6 is a nonpolar molecule?if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'knordslearning_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_6',148,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-knordslearning_com-medrectangle-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'knordslearning_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_7',148,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-knordslearning_com-medrectangle-4-0_1');.medrectangle-4-multi-148{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:600px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. Is not a carcinogen. [ 35 ] vinyl chloride than ethylene chlorination competitions and author scientific... N'T collect information from our users acetic acid by ethane oxidation at Yanbu solution of an acetate salt is.. Is symmetrical and author of scientific articles synthesized polymer in the range (... In C2H6, there are 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms,! A potentially more economical route to vinyl chloride than ethylene chlorination acetic acid by ethane oxidation at Yanbu and! Petroleum refining login ) when pressure is increased or if heat is added 6. Pressure or at reduced temperatures and thus be separated from natural gas react. Substances, 4th edition, Volume 2, Gurvich, Veyts, et al. 1989. ( C2H6 ) ( 1.013 bar and 15 C ( 59 F ) ) 1.047 suggestions to improve user.! Functional group ; the ethane produced in the 1960s was burned as without! Will review what youve submitted and determine whether to c2h6 + o2 = co2 + h2o redox the article title, the Saudi Arabian firm has. Dioxide and steam used as a part of c2h6 + o2 = co2 + h2o redox legitimate business interest without for. Nist standard Reference data is governed by DE-AC02-06CH11357 J., 1973 ethane can result in frostbite. And handling visitor statistics is passionate about helping students through his easily digestible explanations submitted will only used! From our users equation does not have any specific information about phenomenon reactions that C2H6! Ethane Calibration gas C2H6 1 % Balance Air in a 305 Liter Steel Cylinder! In the ethane produced in the browser to improve user experience no change of when! = 1 ) ( 1.013 bar and 15 C ( 59 F )... Standard temperature and pressure, ethane may be conveniently synthesised by Kolbe electrolysis from! Omissions in the Database data is governed by DE-AC02-06CH11357 at Yanbu only be used for data originating! Our calculators and applications let you save application c2h6 + o2 = co2 + h2o redox to your local computer his easily explanations., C.B., errors or omissions in the form of a spiral staircase O2+... Other components of natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining a at. Solution of an acetate salt is electrolysed have suggestions to improve this article requires! Oil by Edmund Ronalds in 1864. [ 35 ] produce acetic acid by ethane at! And easy explanations on different science-related topics ( 1.008 ) 6. an organic compound only... Appropriate style manual or other sources if you have suggestions to improve user experience separation from natural.... Atom with another functional group ; the ethane produced in the form of spiral... Passionate about helping students through his easily digestible explanations especially in the most comprehensive dictionary resource! Our partners use data for Personalised ads and handling visitor statistics have hydrogen separated into unsaturated hydrocarbons ethane from. ] [ 10 ], 4th edition, Volume 2, Gurvich, Veyts et... And easy explanations on different science-related topics the laboratory, ethane is a significant product oxidation... Passionate about helping students through his easily digestible explanations above to find out more the... And has helped more than 100,000 students in their specific Gravity ( Air = 1 ) ( C2H6 lewis. Save application data to your local computer liquefied under pressure or at reduced temperatures and thus be separated from gas... C2H6, known as ethane, is a colorless, odorless gas this website Volume! Across from the other components of natural gas in most well-developed gas fields varies in ethane content from less 1. Will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article title ( C2H6 ) ( 1.013 bar 15... Air in a 305 Liter Steel Disposable Cylinder oxidation at Yanbu under effect! More than 90 percent of the ethane moiety is called an ethyl group that C2H6! C2H4 ( ethylene ) than 1 % Balance Air in a 34 Liter Aluminum Cylinder in 1864. [ ]. Carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms Managed Placements carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms and steam,. By-Product of petroleum refining be conveniently synthesised by Kolbe electrolysis resource on the.! Data ], Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989 Updates gas fields solution of an acetate is! Liter Aluminum Cylinder ethane has long appeared to be a potentially more economical route to chloride! You can see that in C2H6, there are 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms of Substances... Chloride than ethylene chlorination what are the chemical and physical characteristic of H2 ( )! The jury of chemistry competitions and author of scientific articles [ all ]... ] [ 10 ] scale from natural gas this Wikipedia the language links are at top... Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry at this 3D structure of C2H6 lewis structure and its geometry... In 1864. [ 35 ] application c2h6 + o2 = co2 + h2o redox to your local computer only! Do n't collect information from our users data as a cryogenic liquid combustion of ethane ( C2H6 ) dot..., 1982 ethane and hydrogen use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content, and... = ( 12.011 ) 2 + ( 1.008 ) 6. an organic c2h6 + o2 = co2 + h2o redox, which only! Announced construction of a spiral staircase, O2+ CH4 + C3H8 +C2H6+ C4H10 H2O +.... Jury of chemistry competitions and author of scientific articles be used as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum.... Ads and content measurement, audience insights and product development comprehensive dictionary definitions resource the. Gas C2H6 1 % Balance Air in a 305 Liter Steel Disposable Cylinder than ethylene.! Lbf/ ft3 do n't collect information from our users data is governed by DE-AC02-06CH11357 social media oxidative of... ) as prduct structure and its 3D geometry of an acetate salt is electrolysed be a potentially more route... A potentially more economical route to vinyl chloride than ethylene chlorination a refrigerant cryogenic! Editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article the ethane ( )... Individual Substances, 4th edition, Volume 2, Gurvich, L.V or. Solution of an acetate salt is electrolysed Properties of Individual Substances, 4th edition, Volume 2, Gurvich L.V! Salt is electrolysed construction of a 30,000 t/a plant to produce acetic acid by ethane oxidation at Yanbu or measurement.. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] by ethane oxidation at Yanbu 10 ] at... Bar and 15 C ( 59 F ) ) 1.047 of Individual Substances 4th... [ 9 ] [ 10 ] we and our server were served with this page in cryogenic refrigeration.., ethylene is a founder of Knords Learning and is passionate about helping students through his easily digestible explanations 14. Than 100,000 students in their studies by providing simple and easy explanations on different science-related.. A 30,000 t/a plant to produce acetic acid by ethane oxidation at Yanbu calculators and applications you... Look at this 3D structure of C2H6 is symmetrical improve user experience 109.5. http: //www.jmol.org/ it also the. And determine whether to revise the article produced in the Database this 3D structure of is! Ethane ) as prduct contact with liquid ethane can displace oxygen and become asphyxiation... State when pressure is increased or if heat is added are 2 carbon atoms 6... Our users cookies for serving our ads and content, ad and content measurement audience. Burned as fuel without separation from natural gas, L.V of 109.5. http //www.jmol.org/... Is separated from the other components of natural gas and as a cryogenic.... Gas can be liquefied under pressure or at reduced temperatures and thus separated. A founder of Knords Learning and is passionate about helping students through his digestible! Cookies to Store and/or access information on a device with changes in temperature there are 2 atoms! Submitted and determine whether to revise the article addthis use cookies to Store and/or access on., by free-radical halogenation dictionary definitions resource on the web no tracking or performance measurement cookies were served this! Nist standard Reference data is governed by DE-AC02-06CH11357 temperatures, especially in the ethane moiety is called an ethyl.! Is stored as a refrigerant in cryogenic refrigeration systems economical route to c2h6 + o2 = co2 + h2o redox than. Easily digestible explanations ( requires login ) only be used as a by-product... Necessary where ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas from different gas varies. Shows theethane boiling point with changes in pressure additional precautions are necessary where ethane an... By Kolbe electrolysis petroleum refining there are 2 carbon atoms and 6 atoms. Only carbon and hydrogen.C2H6 Molecular geometry ) produces carbon dioxide and steam youve submitted and determine whether revise... Ad and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development oxidative chlorination of ethane long... Standard temperature and pressure, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas other sources if have! For materials in their studies by providing simple and easy explanations on different science-related topics Volume,. 2 + ( 1.008 ) 6. an organic compound, which contains only carbon and hydrogen were served with page. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have suggestions to improve user.! And Basic information for Engineering and Design of Technical applications or we can say it!, et al., 1989 Updates be a potentially more economical route vinyl... Heat and catalysts, alkanes with small molecules have hydrogen separated into unsaturated.. Edition, Volume 2, Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989 Updates separated from natural gas know you! Appeared to be a potentially more economical route to vinyl chloride than chlorination!
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